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Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine: http://www.expertreviews.org/
Accession information: (02)00443-Xh.htm (shortcode: tab001wkg); 25 April 2002
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The ERK pathway impinges on all stages of malignant transformation
Walter Kolch, Ashwin
Kotwaliwale, Keith Vass and Petra Janosch
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| Table 1. The ERK pathway impinges on all stages of malignant transformation (tab001wkg) | |
| Hallmarks of a cancer cell | Corresponding effect of the ERK pathway |
| Immortalisationa | Telomerase induction |
| Growth-factor-independent growtha | Cell-cycle activation |
| Insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signalsa | Inactivation of tumour suppressors |
| Ability to invade and metastasisea | Stimulation of cellular motility and extracellular matrix remodelling |
| Ability to secure nutrients by stimulating angiogenesisa | Stimulation of the production of pro-angiogenic factors |
|
Avoidance of apoptosisa |
BAD inactivation; caspase inhibition |
| Resistance to therapeutical measures | Induction of radiation resistance; induction of the multidrug resistance protein MDR1 |
| a Hanahan and Weinberg (Ref. 54) defined six hallmarks of a cancer cell. The ERK pathway can support any of these traits, although its contribution presumably depends on the tumour type, the ensemble of other predisposing alterations, and the microenvironment. | |
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References cited in Table 1 54 Hanahan, D. and Weinberg, R.A. (2000) The hallmarks of cancer. Cell 100, 57-70, PubMed |
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