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Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine: http://www.expertreviews.org/
Accession information: (02)00482-9h.htm (shortcode: fig003akk); 16 July 2002
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Roles for PAR-2 (protease-activated receptor 2) in gastric mucosa
Atsufumi Kawabata
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Figure 3. Roles for PAR-2 (protease-activated receptor 2) in gastric mucosa. During inflammation, endogenous PAR-2 (protease-activated receptor 2) activators [trypsin, tryptase and coagulation factors VIIa (FVIIa) and Xa (FXa), and unknown proteases], (a) activate PAR-2 in sensory neurons. (b) This triggers release of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP), and tachykinins including neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP), resulting in (c) secretion of mucus from mucous cells via CGRP1 and NK2 receptors, respectively. (d) Activation of this pathway exerts mucosal cytoprotection. The PAR-2 activators also contribute to mucosal cytoprotection by (e) inhibiting acid secretion by unknown mechanisms and (f) inducing transient increased blood flow, possibly by activation of endothelial PAR-2 in blood vessels. (g) By contrast, PAR-2 is also expressed in mucosal chief cells and mediates secretion of pepsin/pepsinogen, which (h) might promote mucosal damage (fig003akk).
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