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Expert
Reviews in Molecular Medicine: http://www.expertreviews.org/
Accession information: Vol. 7; Issue 26; 15 November 2005 Abstract
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The important pathophysiological aspects of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in humans and animal models
Francis Gigliotti and Terry W. Wright
| Table 1. The important pathophysiological aspects of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in humans and animal modelsa | ||
| Human patients | Animal models | |
|
Immunological deficit associated with infection |
Impaired CD4+ T-cell function | Impaired CD4+ T-cell function |
| Impaired antibody production | Impaired antibody production | |
|
Cytokines associated with PCP |
TNF-a | TNF-a |
| IL-1 | IL-1 | |
| Gro-a | IFN-g | |
| IL-8 | IFN-a | |
| IL-6 | ||
| MCP-1 | ||
| RANTES | ||
| MIP-2 | ||
| Histological findings | Inflammation | Inflammation |
| Oedema | Oedema | |
| Septal thickening | Septal thickening | |
| Erosion of type I pneumocytes | Erosion of type I pneumocytes | |
| Proliferation of type II pneumocytes | Proliferation of type II pneumocytes | |
| Evidence of fibrosis | ||
| Pulmonary physiology | Tachypnea | Tachypnea |
| Hypoxaemia | Hypoxaemia | |
| Reduced pulmonary compliance | Reduced pulmonary compliance | |
| Alveolar capillary leak | Alveolar capillary leak | |
| Pulmonary surfactant | Surfactant composition abnormalities | Surfactant composition abnormalities |
| Impaired surfactant function | ||
| Markers of lung injury | PMN numbers in BAL IL-8 concentration | PMN numbers in BAL |
| a
Summarised from references cited within the article. Abbreviations: BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MIP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1; PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocyte; TNF-a, tumour necrosis factor a. |
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