Expert
Reviews in Molecular Medicine: http://www.expertreviews.org/
DOI: 10.1017/S1462399408000732; 7July 2008
William
C. Florence, Rakesh K. Bhat and Sebastian Joyce (2008) CD1d-restricted glycolipid
antigens: presentation principles, recognition logic and functional consequences.
Expert Rev. Mol. Med. Vol. 10, e20, DOI: 10.1017/S1462399408000732
CD1d-restricted
glycolipid antigens: presentation principles, recognition logic and functional
consequences
William C. Florence
a1, Rakesh K. Bhat a1 and Sebastian Joyce a1 c1
a1 Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville,
TN 37232, USA.
c1 Corresponding
author: Sebastian Joyce, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, A4223 Medical
Centre North, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South,
Nashville, TN 37232, USA. Tel: +1 615 322 1472; Fax: 615-343-7392; E-mail: sebastian.joyce@vanderbilt.edu
Invariant
natural killer T (iNKT) cells are innate lymphocytes whose functions are regulated
by self and foreign glycolipid antigens presented by the antigen-presenting
molecule CD1d. Activation of iNKT cells in vivo results in rapid release of
copious amounts of effector cytokines and chemokines with which they regulate
innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens, certain types of cancers
and self-antigens. The nature of CD1d-restricted antigens, the manner in which
they are recognised and the unique effector functions of iNKT cells suggest
an innate immunoregulatory role for this subset of T cells. Their ability to
respond fast and our ability to steer iNKT cell cytokine response to altered
lipid antigens make them an important target for vaccine design and immunotherapies
against autoimmune diseases. This review summarises our current understanding
of CD1d-restricted antigen presentation, the recognition of such antigens by
an invariant T-cell receptor on iNKT cells, and the functional consequences
of these interactions.
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